Journal of Student Research 2019

Journal of Student Research

Toward Magnetic Nanoparticle Synthesis and Characterization for Medical Applications Toward Magnetic Nanoparticle Synthesis and Characterization for Medical Applications

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Bibliography Akomolafe, Mohammed Akinola. “Yoruba Ontology: A Critique of the Conceptualization of Life After Death.” Journal Of Pan African Studies 9, no. 6 (2016): 33-54. Bascom, William R. “The Relationship of Yoruba Folklore to Divining.” The Journal of American Folklore 56, no. 220 (1943): 127-31. Bascom, William W. Ifa Divination : Communication between Gods and Men in West Africa . Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1991. Egu, Ken Chiedozie. “Ile Ife, Nigeria (ca. 500 B.C.E.- ).” Accessed July 1st, 2018. http://www.blackpast.org/aah/ile-ife-ca-500-b-c-e. Horton, Hal. “Yoruba Religion and Myth.” 1993. Accessed April 15th, 2018. http://www.postcolonialweb.org/nigeria/yorubarel.html. “Ifa.” Wikipedia. April 12th, 2018. Accessed July 4th, 2018. https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/If%C3%A1. Kennedy, Joe. “10 things that might surprise you about com/99231/10-things-that-might-surprise-you-about-yoruba-culture/11/. Mobolade, Timothy. “The Concept of Abiku.” African Arts 7, no. 1 (1973): 62-64. Moore, Kimberly. “52 Goddesses: The Goddess and Orisha OYA.” The Motherhouse of the Goddess. February 11th, 2014. Accessed July 22nd, 2018. http://themotherhouseofthegoddess.com/2014/02/11/52 goddesses-`the-goddess-and-orisha-oya-reflections-from-daughter-oya/ “Yoruba.” Every Culture. Accessed January 24th, 2018. http://www. everyculture.com/wc/Mauritania-to-Nigeria/Yoruba.html. “Yoruba Culture.” Wikipedia. May 26th, 2018. Accessed June 20th, 2018. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_culture. “Yoruba People.” Come to Nigeria. December 3rd, 2010. Accessed March 6th, 2018. https://www.cometonigeria.com/about-nigeria/ nigerian-people-culture/yoruba-people/. “Yoruba People.” New World Encyclopedia. June 10th, 2014. Accessed March 10th, 2018. http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Yoruba_People. “Yoruba Religion.” Wikipedia. May 26th, 2018. Accessed July 4th, 2018. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_religion. “Yoruba – Religion and Expressive Culture.” Every Culture. Accessed July 10th, 2018. http://www.everyculture.com/Africa-Middle-East/Yoruba Religion-and-Expressive-Culture.html. Yoruba culture.” AFK Travel. December 3rd, 2015. Accessed January 24th, 2018. https://afktravel.

Jamie L. Kuhns 1 Senior, Applied Science Materials Science

Advisor: Marlann M. Patterson, PhD

Abstract Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are used for various biomedical

applications. Biomedical applications rely on nanoparticles to be surface-modified for specific functionalization. MNPs unique properties, surface to volume ratio, and superparamagnetic properties allow external magnetic fields to treat patients with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). Before in vivo use, MNPs must be characterized for their stability, particle size, distribution, and shape. The problem of characterizing nanoparticles in aqueous solution stems from MNPs tendency toward aggregation. The gap in expected knowledge between PhDs and undergraduates in this rapidly evolving field was narrowed slightly because of this work.

Keywords: Nanobiotechnology, biomedical, magnetic nanoparticles

1. Introduction Biotechnology is an emerging research area combining nanotechnology and molecular biology. One area of significant advancement in biotechnology is the production and application of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). At the macro-level, MNPs includes a wide-range of particles developed for an infinitely diverse and even undiscovered applications. The main advantage to using them for biotechnology applications are derived from surface properties of MNPs, such as their high surface to-volume ratio, and their ability to be functionalized (or customized) through surface modification. Modifying their surface chemistry prevents MNPs from aggregating,

1

Jamie Kuhns is a McNair Scholar. He also received support for this research through the Office of Research and Sponsored Programs. Parts of this work were presented at the National Conference of Undergraduate Research, April 11-13, 2019 at Kennesaw State University in Kennesaw, GA.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents